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IG_43: Plate of L’art arabe d’après les monuments du Kaire depuis le VIIe siècle jusqu'à la fin du XVIIIe, 1869–77
(IG_Prisse_1877_IG_43)

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Title

Gâmá El-Achrafîeh. Chemsah ou vitrail en plâtre ajouré. (XVe siècle)

Type of Object
Artist / Producer
Prisse d’Avennes, Émile · Author
Levié, Adolphe · Lithographer
Studio
Dating
1877
Dimensions
45 x 31 cm

Iconography

Description

Pl. CXLV in vol. 3 of Émile Prisse d’Avennes’ L’Art arabe d’après les monuments du Kaire depuis le VIIe siècle jusqu’à la fin du XVIIIe, 1877. The plate shows a single stucco and glass window with flowers in a vase. The vase stands on a pedestal under a round arch. The bouquet consists of different flowers, among them lillies, carnations, roses, and tulips. The background is perforated. A red interlaced frame encloses the bouquet, and latticework fills the spandrels on both sides of a flower in the apex.

Iconclass Code
25G4(PEONY) · plants and herbs: peony
25G41(CARNATION) · flowers: carnation
25G41(LILY) · flowers: lily
25G41(TULIP) · flowers: tulip
41A6711 · flowers in a vase
48A9854 · vase ~ ornament
Iconclass Keywords

Technique / State

Technique

Chromolithography

History

Research

The window depicted was reconstructed from fragments. Prisse d’Avennes explains that he had been able to buy in Paris three boxes with fragments of six stucco and glass windows from a mosque in Egypt. In 1867, these windows had been sent from Egypt to the world’s fair in Paris, but had not survived the journey and therefore arrived there in pieces. Prisse d’Avennes succeeded in reconstructing two windows (Prisse d’Avennes, 1869–1877, vol. 1, pp. 154, 278, vol. 3, pl. CXLV; Keller, 2020, p. 31).
A photograph of these fragments can be found in one of Prisse d’Avennes’ Cairo’s portfolios (IG_86). Furthermore, several reconstruction drawings are preserved, which show the floral and geometrical motifs of the fragments in different compositions (Bibliothèque nationale de France, Fonds Prisse d’Avennes, see IG_132, IG_466).
Prisse d’Avennes reports that the seller of the fragments, M. Maynard, had the windows removed from a mosque called ‘Gama-el-Achrafieh’ in Cairo. The Egyptologist identified this building with the Mosque of Al-Ashraf Barsbay, begun in 828 AH / 1425 AD, but admitted himself that there were other al-Ashraf mosques in Cairo (e.g., of Sultans Inal and Qaytbay).
A similar window, where the vase also stands on a pedestal, is preserved in the Victoria and Albert Museum (223/1894).

The illustration had a direct impact on the Villa di Sammezzano (1853–1889), a historicist and orientalist building complex near Florence, transformed by Ferdinando Panciatichi di Ximenes d’Aragona (1813–1897). Although Prisse d’Avennes declared the illustration to be a window (‘chemsah ou vitrail’), Panciatichi had it transferred onto the walls for a mural painting in one of the castle’s halls, the Sala dei Gigli (see Keller, 2020, p. 33).

Dating
1877
Related Locations

Bibliography and Sources

Literature

Keller, S. (2020). “De véritables merveilles d’exécution”: Les vitraux du fumoir arabe d’Henri Moser. In F. Giese, M. Volait, & A. Varela Braga (Eds.), À l’orientale: Collecting, Displaying and Appropriating Islamic Art and Architecture in the Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Centuries (pp. 28–38). Brill.

Keller, S. (2021). Islamic Geometry Reinterpreted: The Neo-Mamluk Windows of the Morrocan House, Manazir Journal, 3, 30–44. Retrieved June 26, 2024, from https://bop.unibe.ch/manazir/article/view/8383/11345

Prisse d’Avennes, É. (1869–1877). L’art arabe d’après les monuments du Kaire depuis le VIIe siècle jusqu’à la fin du XVIIIe (Vols. 1-4). J. Savoy & Cie. Retrieved June 26, 2024, from https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k9688960b

Exhibitions

18.5.2024–1.9.2024: Luminosité de l’Orient, Vitromusée Romont

Image Information

Name of Image
IG_Prisse_1877_IG_43
Credits
From The New York Public Library,

Inventory

Reference Number
IG_43
Author and Date of Entry
Sarah Keller 2024

Linked Objects and Images

Linked Objects
L’art arabe d’après les monuments du Kaire depuis le VIIe siècle jusqu'à la fin du XVIIIe