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US_47: Heraldic Panel Leonhard Holzhalb, Regula Grebel, Dorothea Meyer von Knonau, Judith Peyer, and Cleophea Röist
(USA_Princeton_PrincetonUniversityArtMuseum_US_47)

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Title

Heraldic Panel Leonhard Holzhalb, Regula Grebel, Dorothea Meyer von Knonau, Judith Peyer, and Cleophea Röist

Type of Object
Artist / Producer
Place of Manufacture
Dating
c. 1615
Dimensions
38.1 x 33 cm (15 x 13 in.)

Iconography

Description

The panel is divided into three rows each containing three compartments. The upper and lower levels display coats of arms at the four corners. In the center is an image of government represented by two crowned, seated women in a landscape who lift up an image of a city. Behind them is an unidentified Swiss city on a lake. Two virtues flank them. To the right, Prudence holds a serpent and looks into a mirror. On the left, Justice holds the traditional attributes of a sword and scales. In both panels a putto leaning on a skull appears at the virtue’s feet… More

Iconclass Code
11H(JEROME) · the monk and hermit Jerome (Hieronymus); possible attributes: book, cardinal's hat, crucifix, hour-glass, lion, skull, stone
11M41 · Prudence, 'Prudentia'; 'Prudenza' (Ripa) ~ one of the Four Cardinal Virtues
11M44 · Justice, 'Justitia'; 'Giustitia divina' (Ripa) ~ one of the Four Cardinal Virtues
25I1 · city-view in general; 'veduta'
46A122(GREBEL) · armorial bearing, heraldry (GREBEL)
46A122(MEYER VON KNONAU) · armorial bearing, heraldry (MEYER VON KNONAU)
46A122(PEYER VON) · armorial bearing, heraldry (PEYER VON)
46A122(ROEIST) · armorial bearing, heraldry (ROEIST)
46A122(STETTEN) · armorial bearing, heraldry (STETTEN)
Iconclass Keywords
Heraldry

(1) Gules a demi-lion rampant argent a mullet gules thereon; crest, on a barred helm to sinister, a demi-lion rampant; mantling of the colors (Grebel, Zurich); (3) azure three lozenges or; crest, on a barred helm to dexter, a demi-man; mantling or and azure (Peyer of Schaffhausen); (7) gules a hat argent; crest, on a barred helm to sinister, a demi-lion rampant; mantling of the colors (Meyer von Knonau, Zurich; (8) gules three axes or; crest, on a barred helm to sinister, a demi-man with axes; mantling gules and argent (von Stetten); (9) azure a rose argent and or; crest, on a barred helm to dexter, plume azure and argent; mantling of the colors (Röist).

Inscription

(1) Regula Greblin [Grebel of Zurich];
(3) fr: Judith Peyerin [Peyer]
(4) Das schwert der G[ . .]ectikeit haunz/ glӱch/die Tag stand in [ ... ]d[ .. ]rm/ Rӱch (The sword of Justice is ready for the day when needed [to defend the realm?]).
(5) Wan die Geist[ ... ] hen sind bereit/ Darzu die [ .]eltlich oberkeilt/ Ein anderen frurblich biessend dhand/ So hatt fr[ ... ] einigkeit bestand/ und wirt w[ ... ] greӱert Lüt und land (on book) Reg/n (between feet) ivris/ dicion (Capitals)
5 modern) Wan die Geistlichen sind bereit/ Darzu die weltlich oberkeilt/ Ein anderen frurblich biessend dhand/ So hatt froh einigkeit bestand/ und wirt wohl greӱert lut und land (on book) Reg/n (between feet) ivris/ dicion (Capitals) (When the clergy are ready as well as the secular overseers, and instead of bitter fighting, reach an accord, there is a happy consensus on sea and land (on book) Laws (between feet) Jurisdiction
(6) Furlicktie[.]keit handlet mit Rath/ Das nit der Rünz Kom nach der dath/ (Anger is tempered with [good] advice so that division does not follow)
(7) Fr. Dorothea Meyerin [Meyer von Knonau] (8) Herr von Stetten (9) Jac: von Rosenek

Signature

none

Technique / State

State of Conservation and Restorations

The panel appears to have glass from two different stylistic origins. All but the segments 2 and 3 (upper center and right), are constructed of similar glass, draftsmanship, and technique. The two above are more painterly, monochromatic, favoring broader swaths of drapery, and the application of paint, on reverse and the front more granular. Segment 3, like 2, is executed in a vitreous paint and silver stain, and therefore does not display the correct tincture of azure in the arms of Peyer of Schaffhausen. Repair leads, especially in the central medallion, 5, diminish the legibility of the colorful and sprightly panel.

Technique

The panel is composed predominantly of uncolored glass with vitreous paint and purple, blue, and green enamel. Red flashed and abraded pot-metal appears in the heraldry depicted in segments 1, 3, and 8. Pot metal glass in shades of purple, blue, green, and red appears in the architectural setting framing the shields and imagery. Silver stain is used throughout the complex panel, helping is create a warm tonality. Contours are modeled with a combination of smooth washes and darker strokes of paint.

History

Research

In the central horizontal bar, the narrative appears to praise the virtue of good government as represented by Swiss cities. Justice is in the place of honor, on the left (heraldic dexter), and Prudence holds a serpent and looks into a mirror, the attribute she holds in the funerary monument of Louis XII dated 1514 in the church of Saint-Denis, Paris. These are principles for keeping the peace. In the center, we find a typical depiction of a Swiss city on a lake. In the upper register, in the stopgap segment, St… More

Dating
c. 1615
Period
1610 – 1617
Original Donor

Holzhalb, Leonhard · Peyer, Judith · Meyer von Knonau, Dorothea · Grebel, Regula · von Stetten · von Roseneck, Isaak

Previous Location
Place of Manufacture
Previous Owner

Stanley Mortimer, Princeton class of 1919

Inventory Number
y1962-101

Bibliography and Sources

Literature

Genealogisches Handbuch des Adels (2004). Adelslexikon Band XV, Band 134 der Gesamtreihe, C. A. Starke Verlag, Limburg (Lahn) ISSN 0435-2408.

Raguin, V., & Morgan, N. (1987). Stained Glass before 1700 in American Collections: Mid-Atlantic and Southeastern Seaboard States. Corpus Vitrearum Checklist II, ed. and intro. Madeline H. Caviness and Jane Hayward (Studies in the History of Art, 23), Washington DC.

Record of the Princeton University Art Museum (1963) 22/1, Princeton University NJ.

Stetten, E., & Stetten, W. (1998). The Imperial Barons of Stetten: The Chronicle of 900 Years of a Knightly Family (1098–1998), Stetten, Künzelsau ISBN 3-9806529-0-4.

Unpublished Sources: Rolf Hasler and Sarah Keller, consultation 2022; Sarah Keller, Vitrocentre Romont, consultation 2025.

Image Information

Name of Image
USA_Princeton_PrincetonUniversityArtMuseum_US_47
Credits
Michel M. Raguin, with the permission of the Princeton University Art Museum, Princeton NJ, USA (artmuseum.princeton.edu)
Link to the original photo
Copyright
Public Domain

Inventory

Reference Number
US_47
Author and Date of Entry
Virginia C. Raguin 2024